Ovarian Cancer

 

Women have two ovaries, one on each side of the uterus. The ovaries – each about the size of an almond – produce eggs (ova) as well as the female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone.

 

Characteristics

 

• Ovarian cancer is the third most common cancer amongst women

• It usually occurs in women above 50 years of age

• This form of cancer is often called the ‘silent killer’ because the symptoms manifest at a late stage of the   disease

• Since the ovaries are located deep inside the abdomen, they are not easily accessible for examination

 

Causes

 

The exact cause of this disease is still under investigation. However studies shows that women who…

 

• Have no children

• Have had breast or colon cancer

• Use fertility drugs regularly

• Are on or have undergone hormone replacement therapy

…are at higher risk.

 

Signs & Symptoms

 

The symptoms of ovarian cancer are often not recognized early in the disease. They may also be so vague in the earlier stages, that they can easily be ignored. Some of the common symptoms are:

 

• Stomach ache and abdominal discomfort accompanied by a feeling of belatedness or fullness of the stomach

• Abnormal vaginal bleeding

• Sudden weight gain or weight loss without any apparent reason

• Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation and frequent urination in some cases

 

Diagnosis

 

• Pelvic examination conducted by a gynecologist may detect ovarian cancer

• This has to be followed by various imaging techniques and blood tests including biops if necessary

 

Management

 

• As with other cancer treatment plans, this will also include surgery, radiation therapy or chemotherapy   depending on the stage and type of cancer